Why it matters

Why a CFD study matters

One-dimensional hydraulic models assume water is well mixed and flow divides evenly. Inside real tanks, sumps and channels it rarely does. Short-circuiting, dead zones, vortices and uneven flow split cause poor water quality, pump damage and sediment build-up, and these problems are expensive to fix after construction.

A CFD study shows exactly where these problems occur and tests the fix on screen, before concrete is poured or equipment is ordered.

A well-scoped CFD study allows you to:

  • Find short-circuiting, dead volumes and thermal stratification in tanks and reservoirs
  • Quantify water age, residence time distribution, COV and baffle factor
  • Check pump intake approach flow, swirl and vortex risk before building
  • Confirm the flow split across manifolds, channels and parallel trains
  • Compare baffles, inlet and outlet arrangements and other fixes before construction

Scope of services

What a CFD study includes

01

Tanks & reservoirs

  • Mixing and water age (CFD residence time)
  • COV and baffle factor for contact tanks
  • Temperature stratification in hot climates
  • Inlet, outlet and baffle optimisation

02

Pump intakes & manifolds

  • Sump approach flow and velocity uniformity
  • Free-surface and submerged vortex screening (VOF)
  • Swirl angle at the pump bell
  • Flow split in suction and discharge manifolds

03

Wastewater & process structures

  • Screening and distribution channels
  • Recirculation and dead-zone mapping
  • Sediment risk by particle tracking (DPM)
  • Comparison of design enhancements

Recent projects

CFD projects in the UAE

Process

How we work with you

STEP 01

Brief & data

We agree the questions the CFD must answer, the flow cases and the acceptance criteria, and collect 3D/CAD and manufacturer data.

STEP 02

Modelling & validation

We build and mesh the model, check mesh sensitivity, calibrate screens or losses against manufacturer data, and run the agreed cases.

STEP 03

Recommendations & handover

We report findings with clear contours, pathlines and metrics, compare improvement options, and hand over files on request.

Outputs

Typical deliverables

Each CFD study is scoped to the decision you need to make. Typical outputs include:

  • CFD study report with methodology, validation and findings
  • Velocity, pathline and vector plots at key planes
  • Metrics: flow split, water age, COV, baffle factor or swirl angle
  • Option comparison of baseline against improved designs
  • Mesh sensitivity and convergence evidence for reviewers
CFD study of tank thermal stratification with a mitigation arrangement
Example: thermal stratification in a storage tank, with a mitigation arrangement

Tools & methods

Tools and methods

We use industry-standard CFD software and best-practice verification, so results stand up to client and authority review.

SoftwareANSYS Fluent and CFX
Turbulencek–ω SST and k–ε RANS models with appropriate wall treatment
PhysicsVOF free surface, DPM particle tracking, buoyancy and heat transfer, porous media
VerificationMesh sensitivity, convergence monitoring, calibration to manufacturer data
Related studiesWater quality modelling and surge analysis
Polyhedral CFD mesh of a circular storage tank for a CFD study
Example: polyhedral mesh of a circular storage tank

FAQ

CFD study FAQs

When is a CFD study needed instead of a 1D hydraulic model?

When the answer depends on how water moves inside a structure, for example mixing and water age in a tank, vortices at a pump intake, or how flow splits between closely spaced branches. A 1D model assumes ideal mixing and splits, while CFD resolves the actual 3D flow.

Which software do you use for CFD studies?

We use ANSYS Fluent (and CFX where required), with turbulence, free-surface (VOF), particle tracking (DPM) and heat-transfer models chosen for each problem.

How do you make sure the CFD results are reliable?

Every study includes a mesh sensitivity check and convergence monitoring, and where possible we calibrate against manufacturer or measured data. For example, screen head losses are matched to manufacturer curves before they are used in the full model.

Can CFD replace a physical model for a pump intake?

For many intakes, CFD is an efficient way to screen designs against intake design criteria and compare options. For very large or unusual intakes, the applicable standard or the client may still require a physical model, and CFD then helps optimise the geometry before testing. See our suction manifold case study.

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